Towing Survey adalah suatu pekerjaan inspection untuk sebuah peralatan towing equipments sebelum sebuah perjalanan kapal menarik muatan atau kapal lainnya.
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Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Free Download Ebook Marine Cargo Surveyor
Downloads
Hereunder I published the link with download-able and preview files and documents of Marine Cargo Surveyors from the website for references.
In case of broken link or error when downloading, you may put comment or contact me to update it.
1. Draught Survey Code of Uniform Standards and Procedures by UN ECE: Under the auspices of the ECE Working Party on Coal, this Code of Uniform Standards and Procedures for the Performance of Draught Surveys of Coal Cargoes has been elaborate by experts from major coal exporting and importing countries and was completed in October 1991. The code was adopted by the ECE Working Party on Coal at its session in October 1991 and endorse by ECE Committee on Energy at its session in November 1991.
Download available at http://www.unece.org/se/pdfs/ece_energy_19e.pdf (size 7 mb)
2. Procedure of Draft Survey By Prof. Dr. Yutaka Watabe – Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology: General Procedure, Principals of Archimedes, ship’s design, displacement, draft mark, standard displacement by mean draft, trim correction, and estimation of displacement.
Preview not available at the moment.
3. Bunker Survey Guide By CJA Marine Services: GUIDELINES FOR BUNKER SURVEYORS; which included: preliminary steps, procedures prior to bunkering, procedures during bunkering, after bunkering and handling dispute.
Download available at http://www.cjamarine.com/bunkersurveyguide.pdf (size 27 KB)
4. Measurement of Petroleum On Board of Marine Vessels By John A. “Jack Szallai – Orion Associates L.L.C: Marine measurements can also be used for custody transfer if no other valid means are available or the shore side custody transfer system is not available or functioning properly. Measurement of petroleum on board marine vessels, ocean or inland, are generally based on the American Petroleum Institutes “Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards”, Chapter 17, with cross references to other pertinent chapters. The material includes: petroleum measurements, free water, ROB/OBQ, sampling, temperature, Vessel Experience Factor and summary.
Download available at http://help.intellisitesuite.com/Hydrocarbon/papers/2310.pdf (size 97 kb)
5. General cargo on cellular container ships by The Standard Club: This edition of Standard Cargo sets out the steps that the club as a third-party liability insurer believes the ship owner should consider before carrying general cargo on a container ship.
Download available at http://www.standa rd-club.com/docs/STANDARD_CARGO_cellularcontainerships2August2010.pdf (size 834 kb)
6. Liquefaction (Iron Ore Fines and Nickel Ore) by The Standard Club: Shipper’s responsibilities, appointment of an independent surveyor, transportable moisture limit and flow moisture point, Flow table and the can test, trimming, case studies and responsibilities.
Download available at http://www.standard-club.com/docs/StandardCargoLiquefactionFeb2011.pdf (size 519 kb)
7. A Guide to the Carriage of Steel Cargo by The Standard Club: When carrying steel products by sea, it is essential to ensure that neither the steel nor the ship suffers damage, that the ship is fit to receive cargo and that the cargo is safely stowed and secured. Steel is a high-value cargo, a cargo easily damaged by rough handling, water and moisture. Its weight presents substantial challenges with stowage and securing. This guide aims to provide an insight into the correct method of loading, stowing and securing steel cargoes. Its advice, if followed, will assist in the avoidance and prevention of steel cargo damage claims.
Download available at http://www.standard-club.com/docs/CT_standard_cargo_steel_disclaimer_final_art-2.pdf (size 1.5 mb)
8. Master’s Guide to Container Securing by The Standard Club: The purpose of this guide is to discuss container securing systems, the causes of lashing failure and to offer advice as to how losses can be minimised.
Download available at http://www.standard-club.com/docs/CTCMG2CSAW_disclaimer.pdf ( size 2 mb)
9. Master’s Guide to Hatchcover Maintenance by The Standard Club: It is the aim of this guide to explain the key issues of hatch cover security and to steer mariners towards active maintenance. It is less expensive to keep hatch covers weathertight by regular maintenance and attention to detail, than to pay claims for wet-damaged cargo. It is crucial for safety at sea and protection of the environment to maintain hatch cover weathertightness and strength. This guide concerns steel hatch covers fitted with cleats, compression bars and gaskets.
Download available at http://www.standard-club.com/docs/MG-HatchCoverMaintenance.pdf (size 6 mb)
10. A Basic Packing Guide by M.E. DEY: CERTIFICATION OF INTERMODAL CONTAINERS; A number of independent firms provide testing and inspection services for inter-modal container operators. Certification of adequacy of construction occurs prior to delivery of the new container to the carrier, and periodically thereafter.
Download available at http://www.medey.com/pdf/Packing%20Guidelines.pdf (size 32 KB)
Free Download Software for Marine & Petroleum Surveyor
I have dropped below the link for download of software for marine and cargo surveyorreferences.
1. Convert For Windows by Josh Madison (freeware)
Convert is a free and easy to use unit conversion program that will convert the most popular units of distance, temperature, volume, time, speed, mass, power, density, pressure, energy and many others, including the ability to create custom conversions.
Download available at http://jfmstatic.net/convert.zip
Convert is a free and easy to use unit conversion program that will convert the most popular units of distance, temperature, volume, time, speed, mass, power, density, pressure, energy and many others, including the ability to create custom conversions.
Download available at http://jfmstatic.net/convert.zip
2. ASTM Table 54A by Boriss Grahlovskis (freeware)
All calculation in program based on ASTM Table 54A – Generalized Crude Oils of Volume to 15 C againts Density at 15 C.
Download available at http://deepblueseasoft.narod.ru/exe2008/Table54A.exe
All calculation in program based on ASTM Table 54A – Generalized Crude Oils of Volume to 15 C againts Density at 15 C.
Download available at http://deepblueseasoft.narod.ru/exe2008/Table54A.exe
3. ASTM Table 54B by Boriss Grahlovskis (freeware)
All calculation in program based on ASTM Table 54B – Generalized Products Correction of Volume to 15 C againts Density at 15 C.
Download available at http://deepblueseasoft.narod.ru/exe2008/Table54B.exe
All calculation in program based on ASTM Table 54B – Generalized Products Correction of Volume to 15 C againts Density at 15 C.
Download available at http://deepblueseasoft.narod.ru/exe2008/Table54B.exe
4. ASTM Tables Program by Goldware (freeware)
API Specific Gravity and Density Converter, Weight Correction Factor (WCF), Gross Standar Volume (GSV) Conversion Factors and Russian Calculation by Captain Ioannis Filippou.
Download available at http://sevensurveyor.com/x2323l/dlall/ASTMTablesProgram.rar
API Specific Gravity and Density Converter, Weight Correction Factor (WCF), Gross Standar Volume (GSV) Conversion Factors and Russian Calculation by Captain Ioannis Filippou.
Download available at http://sevensurveyor.com/x2323l/dlall/ASTMTablesProgram.rar
5. Petroleum Calculations Program by Donald R. Huckabee (freeware/shareware)
A petroleum calculation Program. It is shareware and may be distributed freely. Table associated in program are ASTM 5A & B, 53A & B, 6A & B, 54A & B. Also Temperature conversion, Gravity Conversion, Gauging, Addictive and Calculator.
Download available at http://sevensurveyor.com/x2323l/dlall/WPetrol.rar
A petroleum calculation Program. It is shareware and may be distributed freely. Table associated in program are ASTM 5A & B, 53A & B, 6A & B, 54A & B. Also Temperature conversion, Gravity Conversion, Gauging, Addictive and Calculator.
Download available at http://sevensurveyor.com/x2323l/dlall/WPetrol.rar
6. 7s-DraftSurvey by Seven Surveyor (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Draft Survey calculation Program. For easy draft survey calculation and save your survey time. For full version, please contact me.
Download available athttp://sevensurveyor.com/x2323l/dlall/Trial_Draft_Survey_Software.rar
A Draft Survey calculation Program. For easy draft survey calculation and save your survey time. For full version, please contact me.
Download available athttp://sevensurveyor.com/x2323l/dlall/Trial_Draft_Survey_Software.rar
7. 7s-OilCal-T6.T54 by Seven Surveyor (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6 and Table 54.
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/t4q8rk70vc3yqdulqajq
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6 and Table 54.
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/t4q8rk70vc3yqdulqajq
8. 7s-OilCal-T6B by Seven Surveyor (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6B .
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/02d7b18fell8jai6sh17
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6B .
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/02d7b18fell8jai6sh17
9. 7s-BunkerCal by Seven Surveyor (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Bunker Tank Sounding calculation program. Bunker survey calculation for tank sounding report based on Astm Table 54B .
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/xec50bv5mzrln1q0cra1
A Bunker Tank Sounding calculation program. Bunker survey calculation for tank sounding report based on Astm Table 54B .
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/xec50bv5mzrln1q0cra1
Just leaving your comment if any broken links.
Ebook for Surveyor Free Download
Reading Lists of Ebook for Surveyor Free Download
These guidelines and books for Marine and Cargo Surveyors that available to buy at the online store.
From Maritime and Insurance Books
- Lloyd’s Survey Handbook 7th Edition,
Author: Knight, K G and Hill, Bryan and et al
Price: £64.00
For almost 45 years successive editions of Lloyd’s Survey Handbook have been saving the shipping and insurance communities time and money with clear, practical advice on cargo surveys and the care of cargo, the latest revised edition is no exception. An essential book for anyone in the maritime and transport sectors.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=4562&MATCH=2
Author: Knight, K G and Hill, Bryan and et al
Price: £64.00
For almost 45 years successive editions of Lloyd’s Survey Handbook have been saving the shipping and insurance communities time and money with clear, practical advice on cargo surveys and the care of cargo, the latest revised edition is no exception. An essential book for anyone in the maritime and transport sectors.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=4562&MATCH=2
- Code of Practice for Draught Surveys
Author: International Institute of Marine Surveyors
Price: £12.00
A well conducted draught survey of a large vessel should achieve an accuracy to within 0.05% and must be conducted meticulously, taking into account all the prevailing circumstances, incorporating every aspect and difficulty which has been encountered to convey all aspects of the survey.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=27211&MATCH=2
Author: International Institute of Marine Surveyors
Price: £12.00
A well conducted draught survey of a large vessel should achieve an accuracy to within 0.05% and must be conducted meticulously, taking into account all the prevailing circumstances, incorporating every aspect and difficulty which has been encountered to convey all aspects of the survey.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=27211&MATCH=2
- Surveying Marine Damage 2nd Edition
Author: Captain C.B. Thompson
Price: £55.00
This now well established title is a handbook for marine surveyors and loss adjusters and a guide for underwriters, shipowners, lawyers particularly for insurance claims.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=58571&MATCH=2
Author: Captain C.B. Thompson
Price: £55.00
This now well established title is a handbook for marine surveyors and loss adjusters and a guide for underwriters, shipowners, lawyers particularly for insurance claims.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=58571&MATCH=2
- Guidelines for Surveyors Conducting Pre-Shipment Inspection of Steel Cargoes
Author: International Institute of Marine Surveyors
Price: £20.00
Loss prevention should always be perceived as being more beneficial than claims handling and it is in the category of loss prevention that the steel pre-shipment inspection falls. A leading P & I Club recently reported that claims on steel cargoes still amounted to 11% of total claims on dry cargo and was therefore regarded as continuing to be a problem area. The need for accurate clausing of Mate’s receipts / bills of lading is therefore apparent and the best possible way to achieve this is by means of an accurate pre-shipment inspection of the cargo.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=37591&MATCH=2
Author: International Institute of Marine Surveyors
Price: £20.00
Loss prevention should always be perceived as being more beneficial than claims handling and it is in the category of loss prevention that the steel pre-shipment inspection falls. A leading P & I Club recently reported that claims on steel cargoes still amounted to 11% of total claims on dry cargo and was therefore regarded as continuing to be a problem area. The need for accurate clausing of Mate’s receipts / bills of lading is therefore apparent and the best possible way to achieve this is by means of an accurate pre-shipment inspection of the cargo.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=37591&MATCH=2
- Shipboard Petroleum Surveys 2nd Edition
Author: OCIMF and ICS
Price: £30.00
his unique illustrated guide, now in its second edition, explains how good shipboard survey practice can significantly reduce the risk of shortage and contamination claims arising from loading or discharging crude oil and petroleum products. It recommends a range of quantitative and qualitative monitoring and recording techniques which should enable potential loss or contamination problems to be identified at an early stage and remedied cost effectively. The guide is designed to be used with standard industry guidelines including the API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards and the Energy Institute Hydrocarbon Management procedures.
Link : https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80817&MATCH=2
Author: OCIMF and ICS
Price: £30.00
his unique illustrated guide, now in its second edition, explains how good shipboard survey practice can significantly reduce the risk of shortage and contamination claims arising from loading or discharging crude oil and petroleum products. It recommends a range of quantitative and qualitative monitoring and recording techniques which should enable potential loss or contamination problems to be identified at an early stage and remedied cost effectively. The guide is designed to be used with standard industry guidelines including the API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards and the Energy Institute Hydrocarbon Management procedures.
Link : https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80817&MATCH=2
- Stowage : Properties & Stowage of Cargoes 5th Edition
Author: Thomas, O O and Agnew, J and Cole, K L and Rankin, K S
Price: £95.00
After 80 years in continuous publication, Thomas’ Stowage continues to be regarded as the definitive reference on the subject and is recommended by many organisations with an interest in the safe handling and carriage of cargoes. It is an essential source for ships’ officers; the freight, operations and insurance departments of ship owners and operators; ship agents; terminal operators; freight forwarders; container packers; maritime lawyers; train schools and marine insurance companies. This fifth edition of Thomas’ Stowage retains the format of previous editions, thus providing quick reference to procedures and individual commodities. Part 1, Part 2 and Appendix 5 have been extensively revised while entries in Part 3 have been amended where necessary with particular attention given to dangerous goods and bulk cargoes. Additionally, a start has been made on rationalising the entries in Part 3. Information on some of the more obscure cargoes is retained, bearing in mind that the majority are now shipped in containers. it should also be borne in mind that the container is, in effect, a miniature cargo hold with all the problems relating to compatibility, stowage, securing, ventilation, etc.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80478
Author: Thomas, O O and Agnew, J and Cole, K L and Rankin, K S
Price: £95.00
After 80 years in continuous publication, Thomas’ Stowage continues to be regarded as the definitive reference on the subject and is recommended by many organisations with an interest in the safe handling and carriage of cargoes. It is an essential source for ships’ officers; the freight, operations and insurance departments of ship owners and operators; ship agents; terminal operators; freight forwarders; container packers; maritime lawyers; train schools and marine insurance companies. This fifth edition of Thomas’ Stowage retains the format of previous editions, thus providing quick reference to procedures and individual commodities. Part 1, Part 2 and Appendix 5 have been extensively revised while entries in Part 3 have been amended where necessary with particular attention given to dangerous goods and bulk cargoes. Additionally, a start has been made on rationalising the entries in Part 3. Information on some of the more obscure cargoes is retained, bearing in mind that the majority are now shipped in containers. it should also be borne in mind that the container is, in effect, a miniature cargo hold with all the problems relating to compatibility, stowage, securing, ventilation, etc.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80478
- Cargo Stowage and Securing – A Guide to Good Practice 2nd Edition
Author: Charles Bliault
Price: £30.00
Proper stowage and securing of items of cargo is the utmost importance for the safety of the crew, the carrying vessel and the items of cargo themselves. The object of this guide is to increase the seafarer’s knowledge of the forces acting upon items of cargo and of the requirements for the stowage and securing of cargo, to aid loss prevention. This second edition has been substantially d and includes additional information. The 112 page, colour-illustrated A-5 guide is an d and extended second edition aimed at ships’ officers and crews, the guide explains the basic rules to be followed when loading and securing non-bulk cargoes on ships, including containers, Ro-Ro and project cargoes, break-bulk items, steel and timber. It also describes where regulations, recommendations and more specialist guidance can be found. Lead author is Charles Bliault, a master mariner and partner with international marine consultancy Brookes Bell.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80377&MATCH=2
Author: Charles Bliault
Price: £30.00
Proper stowage and securing of items of cargo is the utmost importance for the safety of the crew, the carrying vessel and the items of cargo themselves. The object of this guide is to increase the seafarer’s knowledge of the forces acting upon items of cargo and of the requirements for the stowage and securing of cargo, to aid loss prevention. This second edition has been substantially d and includes additional information. The 112 page, colour-illustrated A-5 guide is an d and extended second edition aimed at ships’ officers and crews, the guide explains the basic rules to be followed when loading and securing non-bulk cargoes on ships, including containers, Ro-Ro and project cargoes, break-bulk items, steel and timber. It also describes where regulations, recommendations and more specialist guidance can be found. Lead author is Charles Bliault, a master mariner and partner with international marine consultancy Brookes Bell.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80377&MATCH=2
- Draught Surveys: A Guide to Good Practice 2nd edition
Author: Dibble, W J and Mitchell, P
Price: £30.00
Draught surveys determine the weight of dry bulk cargo loaded or discharged from ships, so their accuracy is vital to minimise the risk of shortage claims and disputes. This unique illustrated guide outlines the methods and corrections for surveys to be carried out to the required accuracy. Aimed at ship’s officers, maritime surveyors and all other parties with a vested interested in survey accuracy, it recommends procedures and formulas for every circumstance likely to be encountered. The UN ECE draught survey forms are included in the guide to help achieve standardisation of survey practice throughout the international shipping industry. The second edition of the guide has been substantially revised and restructured to make the procedures and calculations easier to follow. Worked examples are now included throughout and the figures have been redrawn in colour to make them easier to understand.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80746&MATCH=1
Author: Dibble, W J and Mitchell, P
Price: £30.00
Draught surveys determine the weight of dry bulk cargo loaded or discharged from ships, so their accuracy is vital to minimise the risk of shortage claims and disputes. This unique illustrated guide outlines the methods and corrections for surveys to be carried out to the required accuracy. Aimed at ship’s officers, maritime surveyors and all other parties with a vested interested in survey accuracy, it recommends procedures and formulas for every circumstance likely to be encountered. The UN ECE draught survey forms are included in the guide to help achieve standardisation of survey practice throughout the international shipping industry. The second edition of the guide has been substantially revised and restructured to make the procedures and calculations easier to follow. Worked examples are now included throughout and the figures have been redrawn in colour to make them easier to understand.
Link: https://www.mandibooks.com/ProductDetail.asp?PID=80746&MATCH=1
Software: Bunker Survey and Petroleum Calculation
I have added some trial software for your survey references relate to oil calculation. The software are:
1. 7s-BunkerCal (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Bunker Tank Sounding calculation program. Bunker survey calculation for tank sounding report based on Astm Table 54B .
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/xec50bv5mzrln1q0cra1
A Bunker Tank Sounding calculation program. Bunker survey calculation for tank sounding report based on Astm Table 54B .
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/xec50bv5mzrln1q0cra1
2. 7s-OilCal-T6.T54 (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6 and Table 54. Actually the T6 and T54 are in separate software, but I have combine it to save time. The calculation is used for crude oil survey.
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/t4q8rk70vc3yqdulqajq
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6 and Table 54. Actually the T6 and T54 are in separate software, but I have combine it to save time. The calculation is used for crude oil survey.
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/t4q8rk70vc3yqdulqajq
3. 7s-OilCal-T6B by (trial software) – Password : 123456
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6B . The calculation is used for product oil survey.
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/02d7b18fell8jai6sh17
A Petroleum calculation program. For shipboard survey with calculation and ullage report based on Astm Table 6B . The calculation is used for product oil survey.
Download available at http://www.box.com/s/02d7b18fell8jai6sh17
Hope the software is useful. Please try it and drop your comment here.
Petroleum Calculation Series: Definition
Ambient Temperature: The temperature of the surrounding medium such as the atmosphere.
API: American Petroleum Institute.
API Gravity (Relative Density): A means used by the petroleum industry to express the density of petroleum liquids. API gravity is measured by a hydrometer instrument having a scale graduated in degrees API. The relation between API gravity and relative density (formerly called specific gravity) is: API Gravity at 60 Deg. F. = (141.5 : Relative Density 60F/60F) – 131.5
API Gravity (Relative Density): A means used by the petroleum industry to express the density of petroleum liquids. API gravity is measured by a hydrometer instrument having a scale graduated in degrees API. The relation between API gravity and relative density (formerly called specific gravity) is: API Gravity at 60 Deg. F. = (141.5 : Relative Density 60F/60F) – 131.5
ASTM: American Society for Testing Materials. Grade and quality specifications for petroleum products are determined by ASTM test methods.
Barrel: The standard unit of liquid volume in the petroleum industry. It is equal to 42 U.S. gallons.
BS & W: Bottom sediment and water.
Bunkers: Fuel for a vessel. The type will vary depending upon the propulsion mode of the vessel. Steamships will use a heavy fuel oil, diesels use a range of fuels from heavy to light, and gas turbines generally use kerosene
Cargo Pump: Pump used on tankers for discharging cargo and loading or discharging ballast. Located, at the bottom of the pump room, these pumps are usually of the common duplex type, or turbine type of which the centrifugal is the most common.
Clingage: The residue that adheres to the inside surface of a container, such as a ship’s tank or shore tank, after it has been emptied.
Closed Gauging System: A method of obtaining measurements of the tank contents without opening the tank. This may be accomplished by using automatic tank gauges or by taking measurements through a pressure/vapor lock standpipe. This type of gauging is done extensively on vessels with inert gas systems. Such a system that allows no vapors to be lost to the atmosphere is a true closed system while other types that allow minimum vapors to be lost to the atmosphere are called “restricted systems.”
Density: Density is the term meaning the mass of a unit of volume. Its numerical expression varies with the units selected.
Dip: A term used to designate either the depth of liquid in a storage tank or the taking of the measurements of such liquid level. (See Gauging)
Floating Roof Correction: The correction made to offset the effect of the displacement of the floating roof, when no correction has been built into the tank capacity table.
Free Water (FW): The water present in a container that is not in suspension in the contained liquid (oil).
Gauging: A process of measuring height of a liquid in a storage tank usually using a weighted graduated steel tape and bob.
Gross Observed Volume (GOV): The total volume of all petroleum liquids and sediment and water, excluding free water, at observed temperature and pressure.
Gross Standard Volume (GSV): The total volume of all petroleum liquids and sediment and water, excluding free water, corrected by the appropriate volume correction factor (Ctl) for the observed temperature and API gravity, relative density, or density to a standard temperature such as 60°F or 15°C and also corrected by the applicable pressure correction factor (Cpl) and meter factor.
Inert Gas (IG): A gas used by marine tank vessels to displace air in cargo tanks to reduce oxygen content to 8 percent or less by volume and thus reduce possibility of fire or explosion. The inert gas used is usually nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a mixture of gases such as flue gas.
Innage: The amount of space within a tank that is occupied by oil. Innages are sometimes called soundings or body gauges.
List or Heel: The leaning or inclination of a vessel expressed in degrees port or starboard.
List (Heel) Correction: The correction applied to the observed gauge or observed volume when a vessel is listing, provided that liquid is in contact with all bulkheads in the tank. Correction for list may be made by reference to the vessel’s list correction tables for each tank or by mathematical calculations.
Load on Top (LOT): defined as both a procedure and a practice. Procedure: Load on top is the shipboard procedure of collecting the settling water and oil mixtures, resulting from ballasting and tank cleaning operations (usually in a special slop tank or tanks), and subsequently loading cargo on top of the slops and pumping the resultant mixture ashore at the discharge port. Practice: Load on top is the act of commingling onboard quantity with cargo being loaded. The onboard quantity is the remnant of the previous cargo or part load into the tank.
Net Standard Volume (NSV): The total volume of all petroleum liquids, excluding sediment and water and free water, corrected by the appropriate volume correction factor (Ctl) for the observed temperature and API Gravity, relative density, or density to a standard temperature such as 60°F or 15°C and also corrected by the applicable pressure correction factor (Cpl) and meter factor.
Net Standard Weight (NSW): The total weight of all petroleum liquids, excluding sediment and water and free water, determined by deducting the S&W weight from the Gross Standard Weight (GSW).
Non-liquid volume: the measurable amount of material that is not free flowing at the time of measurement. Non-liquid material may include anyone or a combination of hydrocarbon waxes, water/oil emulsions, sediment, or solidified cargo.
OBQ (On Board Quantity): The material remaining in vessel tanks, void spaces, and/or pipelines prior to loading. On-board quantity includes water, oil, slops, oil residue, oil/water emulsions, sludge, and sediment.
Outage (Ullage): The depth of the space in a tank not occupied by oil. Same as ullage. It is measured from the flange of the ullage hole to the surface of the oil. Also the space left in a petroleum product container to allow for expansion as a result of temperature changes during shipment and use.
Petroleum: A generic name for hydrocarbons, including crude oil, natural gas liquids, natural gas and their products.
Portable Measurement Unit (PMU): A device designed to measure the ship’s cargo when its tanks are closed to the atmosphere. It is used in conjunction with a vapor control valve.
Portable Sampling Unit (PSU): A device designed to sample the ship’s cargo when its tanks are closed to the atmosphere. It is used in conjunction with a vapor control valve.
Reference Height: The distance from the tank bottom and/or datum plate to the established reference point or mark.
Reference Point (Gauge Point): The point from which the reference height is determined and from which the ullages/innages are taken.
ROB (Remain on Board): The material remaining in vessel tanks, void spaces, and/or pipelines after discharge. Remaining on board quantity includes water, oil, slops, oil residue, oil/water emulsions, sludge, and sediment.
Slops: are oil, oil/water/sediment, and emulsions contained in the slop tanks or designated cargo tanks. The mixture usually results from tank stripping, tank washing, or dirty ballast phase separation.
Slops: are oil, oil/water/sediment, and emulsions contained in the slop tanks or designated cargo tanks. The mixture usually results from tank stripping, tank washing, or dirty ballast phase separation.
Sludge: Deposits in fuel tanks and caused by the presence of wax, sand, scale, asphaltenes, tars, water, etc.
Specific Gravity: Weight of a particle, substance or chemical solution in relation to an equal volume of water at 15C. Abbreviated as Sp.Gr.
Total Calculated Volume (TCV): The total volume of all petroleum liquids and sediment and water, corrected by the appropriate volume correction factor (Ctl) for the observed temperature and API gravity, relative density, or density to a standard temperature such as 60°F or 15°C and also corrected by the applicable pressure factor (Cpl) and meter factor, and all free water measured at observed temperature and pressure (gross standard volume plus free water).
Total Observed Volume (TOV): The total measured volume of all petroleum liquids, sediment and water, and free water at observed temperature and pressure.
Trim Correction: The correction applied to the observed gauge or observed volume in a vessel’s tank when a vessel is not on an even keel provided that the liquid is in contact with all bulkheads in the tank. Correction for trim may be made by referencing trim tables for each tank or by mathematical calculation.
Ullage: See Outage
Ullages: Measurements taken with a steel tape from the lip of the ullage hole to the to the surface of the liquid; usually read to the nearest 1/8 inch.
Ullages: Measurements taken with a steel tape from the lip of the ullage hole to the to the surface of the liquid; usually read to the nearest 1/8 inch.
Volume Correction Factor (VCF): the numerical value determined by laboratory analysis or by standardized computer arithmetic that when multiplied by the Gross Observed Volume at tank temperature results in the volume of the product at its standard temperature (15oC or 60oF). The factors applicable for bands of API (relative density) and temperature are available in standard tables booklets or may be computed using a standardized format. If the VCF is below 1 it is shown accurate to 5 places of decimal otherwise it is shown in 4 places of decimal.
Vessel Discharge Ration (VDR): the total calculated volume (TCV) by the vessel measurement on arrival, less remaining on-board (ROB), divided by the TCV by shore measurement at discharge. VDR = (TCV on arrival – ROB) / TCV received from shore at discharge
Vessel Experience Factor (VEF): A factor based on the compilation of the history of the total calculated volume (TCV) vessel measurements, adjusted for on-board quantity (OBQ) or remaining on board (ROB), compared with the TCV shore measurements. This factor if developed according to the latest industry standards may be used to obtain a better ship shore comparison of volumes.
Vessel Load Ration (VLR): the total calculated volume (TCV) by the vessel measurement upon sailing, less on-board quantity (OBQ), divided by the TCV by shore measurement at loading. VLR = (TCV on sailing – OBQ) / TCV received from shore at loading
Water/Cut Measurement: The procedure of locating the oil/water interface for the purpose of determining the volume of free water in a shore tank or vessel compartment. It is also used to refer to the line of demarcation of the oil/water interface.
Wedge Formula: A mathematical means to approximate small quantities of liquid and solid cargo and free water on board prior to loading and after discharge based on cargo compartment dimensions and vessel trim. The wedge formula is to be used only when the liquid does not touch all bulk heads of the vessel’s tanks.
Wedge Table: a pre-calculated vessel table based on the wedge principle and displayed much like the vessel’s usual ullage/innage (sounding) tables. These tables, however, are for small quantities (on-board quantities, remaining on board), when the cargo or free water does not touch all the bulkheads of the vessel’s tank.
Weight Correction Factor (WCF): the numerical value determined by laboratory analysis or by standardized computer arithmetic that when multiplied by the Gross Standard Volume results in the weight of the product. The factors applicable for bands of API (relative density) are available in standard tables booklets or may be computed using a standardized format.